Abstract : 

Large defects in patients after resections or facial traumas constitute substantial challenges to the fields of maxillofacial surgery as they need sophisticated reconstructive surgical techniques. The variety of surgical techniques used in operative reconstruction starts from direct tension-free wound closure, secondary intention healing, mucosal or skin grafting, to local flaps, distant pedicled flaps, and the most intricate distant free microvascular composite tissue transfer. Additionally, Free osseous grafting of cancellous or cortical bone, alloplastic materials, metal plating, and free vascular composite bone transfer are all options for osseous reconstructions. Currently, the three-dimensional imaging and virtual surgical planning have provided a solid scientific background for thorough diagnosis and treatment planning. Moreover, custom printing and intraoperative navigation enabled surgeons to transfer the surgical plan into the operating room. The aim of this presentation is to discuss the various reconstruction
techniques, indications advantages, and disadvantages.

Learning objectives : 

• Classify the different types of surgical defects.
• Discuss the Patient assessment prior to reconstruction attempts.
• Summarize, evaluate, and contrast various reconstruction techniques.
• Discuss the current trends in three-dimensional imaging and virtual surgical planning in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.